Medical Law, Ethics, and Professionalism (MLEP) Module 5 and 6 Practice Exam

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• What term describes a secure online site that gives patients 24-hour access to their health records?
• States have established a reporting system for the purpose of controlling the incidence and spread of communicable diseases.
• Which 1996 act is commonly abbreviated HIPAA?
• Which type of compliance reporting identifies the risk that professional judgment could be unduly influenced by a secondary interest?
• What are the two main fiduciary exceptions to confidentiality in safeguarding situations?
• Which organization was established by the Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970 to write and enforce compulsory workplace safety standards?
• What term refers to an electronic collection of medical records from multiple providers?
• A public official who investigates and holds inquests over deaths from unknown or violent causes; may or may not be a physician. Which term is this?
• What HIPAA document is provided by covered entities to inform patients about how their health information may be used and disclosed, and about their rights?
• Which term describes the process of giving a drug to a patient?
• Which law prohibits physicians or their family members who own health care facilities from referring patients to those entities if Medicare or Medicaid will pay for treatment?
• What is the primary purpose of ongoing consent in longitudinal research?
• What term describes unauthorized acquisition, access, use, or disclosure of personal health information that compromises privacy?
• Which federal law authorizes OSHA to inspect hazardous medical wastes and to cite facilities for unsafe handling of these wastes?
• Which term refers to a change in information that is meant to clarify inaccuracies after a document is complete?
• Which data category includes induced terminations of pregnancy?
• Which steps should be taken to address concerns about a clinician's fitness to practice?
• Which 2009 act made substantive changes to HIPAA's privacy and security regulations?
• Which principle requires information to be held in confidence and not released to unauthorized individuals?
• Which approach best governs accepting gifts or sponsorship from industry and managing conflicts to protect patient care and trust?
• How should confidentiality be maintained in post-exposure prophylaxis and similar situations?
• The federal law gives authority to the Drug Enforcement Administration to regulate the sale and use of drugs. Which law is this?
• The Standard for Occupational Exposures to Hazardous Chemicals in Laboratories clarifies the handling of hazardous chemicals in medical laboratories. Which plan does this standard pertain to?
• Which term describes the act of filing a qui tam action?
• The Drug Enforcement Administration derives its regulatory authority from which law?
• What are the safeguarding obligations when a clinician suspects abuse or neglect of a child or vulnerable adult?
• NOT a guiding principle in end-of-life decisions?
• Which federal agency within the Department of Health and Human Services oversees drug quality and standardization and must approve drugs before they are released for public use?
• What should be included in consent discussions for research?
• If a state's privacy laws are stricter than HIPAA privacy standards, which laws take precedence?
• Which term refers to the electronic version of a patient’s chart within a single health care organization?
• To separate and restrict the movement of people with infectious disease if they are a threat to public health. A court order is required.
• Which option describes a required consent-related step in AI data processing?
• Opt-out organ donation default?
• Which system is designed to harmonize the classification and labeling of chemicals worldwide?
• Which statement best describes ethics approvals for research using identifiable data?
• GINA stands for Genetic Information Nondiscrimination Act, enacted in 2008. What type of legal instrument is GINA?
• Wounds of violence include injuries such as strangulation, lethal weapon wounds and gunshot wounds. Which option captures this list?
• What is the acronym for the Act that broadens ADA protections?
• What is a digital version of the patient’s chart in a clinician’s office?
• Which statement best describes safeguarding obligations when abuse or neglect is suspected?
• Which term refers to the numbers collected for the population of live births, deaths, fetal deaths, marriages, divorces, induced terminations of pregnancy, and changes in civil status that occur during an individual's lifetime?
• A no-fault federal system of compensation for individuals or families of individuals injured by childhood vaccinations.
• Which act broadens the definition of disability and clarifies protections under federal disability nondiscrimination laws?
• What does the principle of justice require in terms of access to care and fair distribution of resources?
• What term refers to a significant change or addition to an electronic health record (EHR)?
• A no-fault program to provide benefits and/or compensation to certain individuals, including health care workers and emergency responders, who are injured as a result of the administration of smallpox countermeasures, including the smallpox vaccine.
• Which doctrine permits a clinician to withhold or limit information to a patient when disclosure could cause harm to the patient?
• Which doctrine allows a physician to determine whether showing records to a patient would harm a patient in treatment for mental or emotional conditions?
• What are Deprivation of Liberty Safeguards (DOLS)?
• The law that created the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) was enacted in which year?
• Which term refers to information that contains one or more patient identifiers?
• Privacy protections for genetic testing data?
• How do professional bodies regulate ethics and professionalism, and how should clinicians apply this guidance?
• What term describes the sharing of power among national, state, and local governments?
• The federal act that requires physicians to report child abuse is which?
• What are the indicators of impairment in a clinician and what processes exist to address concerns about fitness to practice?
• Which of the following is NOT an essential element of informed consent in research?
• Which OSHA standard is designed to protect health care workers from exposure to bloodborne pathogens?
• How should clinicians approach requests for experimental therapies or unproven treatments?
• To issue a medical prescription for a patient.
• Which term describes the remote delivery of health care services using telecommunications technology?
• Which elements are essential for informed consent in research involving human participants?
• Which federal statute protects patients with histories of substance abuse regarding the release of information about treatment?
• Which term describes entities that perform services on behalf of covered entities and require access to PHI?
• Which statement best describes the scope of the Genetic Information Nondiscrimination Act (GINA)?
• In truth-telling, why is it important to check the patient’s understanding after sharing information?
• What term describes information that includes patient identifiers and is protected under HIPAA?
• A division of medicine that incorporates law and medicine and involves medical issues or medical proof at trials having to do with malpractice, crimes, and accidents.
• Which practice is recommended when using patient data for education or research contexts?
• What is the common law concept of wrongful discharge when an employee has acted for the 'common good'?
• Which of the following best describes whistleblower protections?
• Which statement best describes the role of professional bodies in safeguarding and professional development?
• Which law prohibits discrimination in the workplace and by health insurance carriers for people who participate in genetic testing and research?
• How should conflicts of interest be identified, disclosed, and managed in clinical practice?
• To deliver controlled substances in some type of bottle, box, or another container to a patient. Which term fits?
• Which ARRA-derived act strengthened HIPAA privacy and security provisions?
• What is the term for the process of reviewing criminal and/or financial history to confirm information about an applicant for employment?
• Public health reporting ensures you report abuse, neglect or exploitation of a child, elderly, or dependent adult. Child abuse involves an individual younger than the age of 18. Elder abuse is the abuse, neglect or exploitation of a person age 60 or older. Dependent adult abuse is the abuse, neglect or exploitation of a person 18 and older unable to protect their own interests or obtain services necessary to meet essential human needs as a result of a physical or mental condition.
• What does CLIA stand for?
• Who are entities that perform functions on behalf of covered entities and involve access to or disclosure of PHI?
• How do consent processes differ between treatment and participation in research?
• Which term describes protected health information from which certain identifiers have been removed and may be used for research with restrictions?
• Led to a 2012 revision of the Hazard Communication Standard in order to transform 'right to know' to 'right to understand,' in line with GHS. Which framework is this describing?
• Which type of compliance reporting is used to inform OSHA of unsafe or unhealthful working conditions?
• In 1986, which act established a no-fault compensation program for vaccine injuries?
• Which agency is a branch of the U.S. Department of Justice that regulates the sale and use of drugs?
• Which type of compliance reporting flags safety concerns to prevent harm in the workplace?
• How should organ donation consent be approached, including opt-in versus opt-out systems?
• How do laws governing consent apply to adolescent reproductive health decisions, and what autonomy is recognized?
• Which term describes the electronic version of a correction used in electronic health records?
• A physician who investigates suspicious or unexplained deaths.
• Which term describes programs that use goals and quotas to provide preferential treatment for minority persons and are determined to have been underutilized in the past?
• Which statement best describes privacy principles in digital health and AI usage?
• Which term is the electronic counterpart of a paper correction in health records?
• Which term describes the public health reporting category for abuse, neglect and exploitation?
• The FDA is a federal agency within which department?
• What role do professional bodies (e.g., GMC) play in setting standards for professional behavior and ethics?
• A federal law passed in 1986 that created a no-fault compensation program for citizens injured or killed by vaccines, as an alternative to suing vaccine manufacturers and providers.
• Who qualifies as a covered entity under HIPAA?
• Wounds of violence include injuries such as strangulation and gunshot wounds. Which option captures this category?
• What is the clinician's duty to report suspected abuse or safeguarding concerns, and what steps should be followed?
• How should advance directives and prior expressed wishes guide care when a patient lacks capacity?
• Genetic testing consent and data privacy: Which considerations apply?
• Protected health information from which identifiers have been removed is known as what?
• Role of ethics committees in research and risk-benefit assessment?
• Which practice is NOT recommended when using patient data for education or research?
• Which law allows private individuals to sue on behalf of the U.S. government for false claims under qui tam?
• Who typically reviews difficult decisions about continuing life-sustaining therapy when futility is suspected?
• Which document explains how a covered entity may use or disclose a patient's health information and describes patient rights under HIPAA?
• Which term best describes whistleblowers who can share in court-awarded damages?
• In workforce policy, which concept uses goals and quotas to provide preferential treatment for minority persons and addresses prior underutilization?
• Which term means freedom from unauthorized intrusion?
• Which term describes an employer's legal reason for firing an employee?
• Which compliance reporting informs internal or external entities about an error in patient care?
• What term means removing from health care transactions all information that identifies patients?
• Which type of reporting documents an incident after it occurs to improve patient safety?
• What is a recommended approach when delivering a life-changing diagnosis to a patient?
• Which statute prohibits referrals to entities owned by physicians or their family members when Medicare or Medicaid payments would be made?
• When a patient lacks capacity and has an advance directive, how should decisions be made?
• Which term means to administer a drug into a patient's body?
• Which statement is most accurate about applying guidance from professional bodies in daily practice?
• Which program provides no-fault compensation for vaccine injuries related to childhood vaccines?
• Public health ethics interplay with individual autonomy in vaccination or screening programs?
• Which category includes injuries such as strangulation and gunshot wounds?
• Vital statistics are numbers collected for the population that include births, deaths, fetal deaths, marriages, divorces, and changes in civil status. Which term describes this collection?
• Which of the following is NOT listed as an essential element of medical record documentation?
• Which of the following is NOT identified as a barrier to shared decision making?
• Which statute prohibits fraud against any health care benefit program?
• What term describes a workplace arrangement where either the employer or the employee can end the employment at any time, for any reason?
• Who are required to transmit HIPAA transactions electronically and must comply with HIPAA standards and rules?
• Strategies supporting culturally competent care in ethically challenging situations?
• Which of the following is a permissible reason under HIPAA to disclose patient information?
• What is the appropriate approach when there is an ethical conflict between patient autonomy and clinical recommendations?
• Information held confidential within a protected relationship is described as which term?
• Which term describes a private individual who files a qui tam action on behalf of the government?
• Prejudiced or prejudicial outlook, action, or treatment is called what?
• Which term refers to a postmortem examination to determine the cause of death?
• Which term describes the electronic systems used to store, share, and analyze health information?
• Bolam test and standard of care in negligence claims?
• The standard clarifying the handling of hazardous chemicals in laboratories is associated with which plan's name, as given in the source?
• What is the full name corresponding to the acronym VICP?
• A form of insurance that provides reimbursement for workers who are injured on the job is called what?
• Which OSHA standard is intended to increase health care practitioners' awareness of risks, improve work practices and appropriate use of personal protective equipment, and reduce injuries and illnesses in the workplace?
• Which federal statute protects the confidentiality of alcohol and drug abuse treatment records?
• What does the term 'de-identify' mean in the context of health information handling?
• Which law is commonly known as Laci and Conner's Act?
• Which category tracks diseases that can be transmitted between people?
• Forms of electronic communication used to create online communities to share information, ideas, personal messages, and other content in the online environment are collectively known as what?
• Which term denotes whistleblowers who may share in any court-awarded damages?
• Which reporting collects healthcare data after an event with the goal of improving patient safety and quality?
• Principles guiding triage and resource allocation during emergencies or pandemics?
• What constitutes consistent professional boundaries in clinician-patient interactions and how should boundary concerns be escalated?
• What term describes the remote delivery of health care services and clinical information using telecommunications technology?
• Which law prohibits knowingly and willfully receiving or paying anything of value to influence referrals for federal health care program business?
• A section of the Hazard Communication Standard states that any equipment that may pose a health risk must be specified as a hazard. Which clause is this?
• What responsibilities do clinicians have when they witness wrongdoing by colleagues, and how should they report it?
• Which term describes information kept confidential within a trusted patient-provider relationship and protected from disclosure?
• What is the legal status of euthanasia or physician-assisted dying in common jurisdictions?
• What term describes the electronic systems health care professionals use to store, share, and analyze health information?
• Which is NOT generally considered when evaluating ethical implications of AI-assisted clinical decisions?
• How should consent be obtained for care or treatment for minors who lack capacity, and what is the role of assent?
• How should dementia patients be supported when capacity deteriorates over time, including involvement of family or proxies?
• What protections exist for healthcare whistleblowers who report safety concerns?
• A concept established by precedent that says an employer risks litigation if he or she does not have just cause for firing is known as what?
• How should adolescents be involved in obstetric or gynecologic decision-making, and how does age of consent apply?
• Which federal statute, passed in 1988, established minimum quality standards for all laboratory testing?
• What is medical futility and how does it influence decisions to continue or stop life-sustaining therapy?
• Which acronym stands for the Health Information Technology for Economic and Clinical Health Act?
• Ethical considerations around end-of-life decisions, palliative care, and withdrawal of life-sustaining treatment?
• Which OSHA standard requires employers to communicate chemical hazards to workers and to maintain labeling and safety data sheets?
• What term refers to a collection of data recorded when a patient seeks medical treatment?
• Which process involves using an electronic health record in a manner consistent with government guidelines to improve care quality?
• State laws that provide employees access to information about toxic substances and workplace health and safety issues are known as what?
• What federal law, enacted in 1996, protects patient privacy and health care rights and governs the disclosure of confidential information?
• How should dementia-related capacity be assessed?
• How often should capacity be reassessed in dementia-related care?
• SEPPA stands for which act?
• Notifiable safety incidents: how should disclosure and remediation be handled?
• What best defines shared decision making?